| 1. | The effects of lateral pressure and plate buckling mode are taken into account . when the tripping taking place , average stress - strain curves begin load shedding according to empirical formula
主要区别在于所用的单元性能曲线有所不同，以及对初始变形、残余应力和侧向载荷等影响因素的处理方法也各不相同。 |
| 2. | For each stiffener element , the average stress - strain relationship under axial load as a beam - column in the flexural buckling mode is derived based on the approximate method , proposed by gordo and guedes scares
这种方法对传统船型是有效的，但是它不能给出船体极强度的真实估算，而且当应用于非传统船型时其计算结果不能令人满意。 |
| 3. | For instance , numerical simulations show that in discrete models made of interacting blocks carrying a continuous scalar stress variable , the average stress is about two thirds of the stress threshold for rupture
例如，数字化模拟显示，由相互作用的承载着连续梯度变化应力的地块构成的离散模型中，平均应力大约为导致破裂应力极限的三分之二。 |
| 4. | The control parameters and growth lives of cracks are calculated using the method of submodel . come to the conclusion that the results of life is safe while the average stress at crack is used as the remote tensile stress
研究表明，采用子模型法求裂纹扩展寿命研究时，用裂纹面原有位置处的中值应力作为远场应力，可以得到偏安全的计算结果。 |
| 5. | This paper also points out clearly that the average stress is the main driving force for migration of the petroleum in the pore stratum , the downhill direction of average stress gradient is the preponderant direction of the migration oil and gas
指出了三维应力场中平均应力是描述油气流体在孔隙地层中运移的主要指标，平均应力梯度减小的方向就是油气运移的优势方向。 |
| 6. | Five aspects , such as the highest temperature in the middle of block , maximum horizontal stress , average stresses of any sections , stress changing process of typical points , and stress changing range between tension and compression , are discussed in detail
从各块体中部最高温度、最大水平约束应力、断面平均水平约束应力、典型点应力发展过程、正反向应力变幅等5个方面，比较系统地阐述了大体积混凝土通仓浇筑问题。 |
| 7. | The study sets up 3 - d definite element models in terms of the seismotectonics of danjiangkou reservoir area . the models use drucker - prager yielded criterion to stimulate material property , which consider the influences of average stress and the second main stress on material strength
本文则根据丹江口库区的地质构造建立了三维有限元模型，采用drucker - prager屈服准则模拟岩石特性，即考虑了静水压力对材料屈服强度的影响，又考虑了中间主应力的影响。 |
| 8. | Then , a step - by - step increase of vertical curvature is applied to the hull girder assuming that the plane cross section remains plane . at each incremental step , the stress of the cross section is evaluated using the average stress - strain curves of the elements as well as the incremental bending moment due to the curvature increment . performing sample calculations on existing girder models tests under pure bending , the rationality of the proposed method was examined
假设船体横向框架材足够强，因而板架的整体破坏不会发生；基于梁?柱理论、理想弹塑性假设、平面假设，建立了拉伸和压缩加筋板单元的平均应力?应变关系曲线，应用船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法计算船体总纵极限弯矩，并据此开发了计算程序sus 。 |
| 9. | Then , a step - by - step increase of vertical bending curvature is applied to the hull girder assuming that the plane cross section remains plane . at each incremental step , the stress of the cross section is evaluated using the average stress - strain curves of the elements as well as the incremental bending moment due to the curvature increment
船体总纵极限弯矩的计算，由于要计及材料的和几何的非线性因素而变得十分复杂，必须用增量的方法逐步计算，获得完整的弯矩?曲率曲线后，才能得到总纵极限弯矩值。 |
